The BTA enables multiple samples to be measured simultaneously under identical conditions. Systems are available with 4, 8 or 16 channels for parallel testing.

Reference samples and blanks can be included to continuously monitor system performance. Dead volume, feed variability and instrument drift can be detected through internal standards and blank columns, while the inclusion of reference samples and blanks has minimal impact on throughput.

Parallel testing reduces the run-to-run variability associated with sequential testing and is particularly valuable for screening large sorbent libraries and lifetime studies

The BTA provides one-second resolution data acquisition for all parallel channels and uses high-end dedicated CO₂ and humidity sensors, such as Li-Cor 850 and Vaisala HMP-series sensors.

Temperature uniformity directly supports accurate relative humidity control, a critical parameter for DAC adsorbents.

The BTA provides approximately ±0.1 °C column-to-column temperature variation and less than ±1 °C variation throughout the entire cabinet.

This supports highly reproducible adsorption measurements, as both humidity and adsorption behaviour are strongly temperature dependent

The BTA provides high-accuracy and high-precision humidity generation across a wide operating window, from very dry conditions to high relative humidity.

• Adsorption temperature range: -10 to 60 °C
• Desorption temperature range: up to 120 °C
• Water concentration: approximately 0.05 to 12.5 vol%
• Relative humidity: up to 95% RH over the entire adsorption temperature range
• Humidity control: typically within 0.8% RH, depending on the selected humidity sensor

The dual-feed design allows fast stabilization of humidity levels after switching between adsorption and desorption feeds, which is important for investigating competitive adsorption effects. The original document specifies the -10 to 60 °C operating window, 0.05 to 12.5 vol% water concentration and 95% RH limit; the adsorption/desorption distinction reflects your new technical edits.

Breakthrough analyzers can be configured as flow-through or batch systems. Our BTA uses true flow-through operation, minimizing external mass-transfer limitations that may be present in batch systems.

The configuration provides realistic mass transfer and more representative kinetics, with direct breakthrough measurements under controlled gas-flow and humidity conditions.

Integrated bypass functionality allows direct verification of feed composition.

Pressure monitoring enables correction for pressure-related effects on adsorption and sensor performance. Dead volume can also be quantified using blank experiments and/or internal standards.

The BTA is optimized for automated measurement of large numbers of adsorption/desorption cycles with multiple samples in parallel.

Automation enables operation with minimal operator supervision over hundreds of cycles and supports cyclic DAC testing under realistic atmospheric conditions.

Standard operation includes Temperature Swing Adsorption (TSA), with alternative desorption options including steam, vacuum, moisture and concentration swing. Optional humidity control during desorption is also available

• The BTA integrates CO₂ and humidity sensors as standard, with optional integration of Mass Spectrometry (MS) and Infrared (IR) analyzers. Automatic synchronization and time-matching of analytical data streams support multi-component adsorption studies.
• Automated workflows support high-throughput experimentation, with integrated analytics and time matching for comparison of samples, cycles and operating conditions. The software is specifically developed to handle the large datasets generated during accelerated lifetime testing.

The platform has been specifically engineered around minimal dead volumes, advanced humidity control, temperature uniformity, a DAC-optimized pressure range, optimized valve timing, automated cyclic testing and high-throughput operation.

The design focuses on maximizing comparability and repeatability across parallel experiments.